1. For your homologus traits provide the following
information (25 pts): a. Briefly describe the two different species that
possess the homologus trait. (5 pts)
Dog, a mammal (and a pet) with four feet. Dolphine, also a mammal, but lives in the
water.
b. Describe the homologus trait of each species, focusing on
the differences in structure and function of the trait. Why do these homologus
traits exhibit differences between the two species? Make sure your explanation
is clear and complete. (10 pts)
Legs of a dog and the flippers of the dolphin. The dolphin was once known as terrestrial and
they became aquatic and lost their legs so they could utilize new
resources.
c. Who was (generally, not specifically) the common ancestor
of these two species and how do you know that ancestor possessed this homologus
trait? (5 pts)
They both evolved from mesonychidae. They are known to have lived in land. About 30 million years ago, some of them
began to adapt to the ocean life and developed useful traits to live in the
ocean.
d. Provide an image of each species in this comparison. (5
pts)
2. For your analogous traits provide the following
information (25 pts):
a. Briefly describe the two different species that possess
the analogous trait. (5 pts)
Penguins that live mostly in land, and fish that live
exclusively in the water
b. Describe the analogous trait of each species, focusing on
the similarities in structure and function of the trait. Clearly explain why
these analogous traits exhibit similarities between the two species. (10 pts)
Fins of penguins and fins of the fish
c. All pairs of organisms share some common ancestor if you
go back far enough in time. Could the common ancestor of these two species have
possessed this analogous trait? How do we know these traits are analogous and
not genetically related from common descent? (5 pts)
The common ancestor could have some similar trait, but the ancestor
probably did not have the same ones. They
are analogous because the fin was best functional feature for each species’s environment
even though they come from very distant common ancestors.
d. Provide an image of each species in this comparison. (5
pts)
